Subjects/Foundational Numeracy/Key Words in Word Problems
Foundational NumeracyWord Problems — Mixed Operations

Key Words in Word Problems

Learn to spot key words that tell you which operation to use.

12 min

🎯 What You'll Learn

You will learn specific key words and phrases that signal which math operation to use in a word problem.

🏪 Market Story

Mrs. Okafor teaches her class a trick: "Look for special words in the problem. These words are clues that tell you what to do!" She writes clue words on the board for each operation.

📝 Let's Learn

Addition clue words: total, altogether, in all, combined, sum, both, and, plus, more than (when joining), how many together.

Subtraction clue words: left, remain, change, difference, how much more, how much less, fewer, take away, spent.

Multiplication clue words: each, every, per, times, groups of, rows of, twice, triple.

Division clue words: share, divide, split, each gets, per person, equal parts, half, one-third.

Example 1: "What is the total cost?" → Addition.

Example 2: "How much change does he get?" → Subtraction.

Example 3: "She buys 3 bags at ₦20 each." → Multiplication.

Example 4: "They share ₦100 equally." → Division.

Warning: Key words are helpful hints, but always think about what the problem is really asking. Sometimes "more" can mean subtraction (how much more = difference)!

✏️ Practice Questions

  1. "Bola has 15 sweets and gives away 6. How many does she have left?" What operation? Solve it.
  2. "Chidi buys 7 mangoes at ₦8 each." What operation? Solve it.
  3. "Amina and Funke have 23 and 31 beads. How many do they have altogether?" What operation? Solve it.
Click to see answers
  1. "Left" = subtraction. 15 − 6 = 9 sweets.
  2. "Each" = multiplication. 7 × ₦8 = ₦56.
  3. "Altogether" = addition. 23 + 31 = 54 beads.

💡 Remember

Key words are clues, not rules. Always read the whole problem and think about what makes sense. With practice, you'll know the right operation instantly!