Subjects/Science/Changing States
ScienceMaterials and Their Properties

Changing States

Melting, freezing, evaporation, and condensation

12 minIncludes video

Learning Objective

Explain how materials change state when heated or cooled

Changes of State

  • Melting: Solid → Liquid (ice → water)
  • Freezing: Liquid → Solid (water → ice)
  • Evaporation: Liquid → Gas (water → steam)
  • Condensation: Gas → Liquid (steam → water droplets)

The Water Cycle

Water evaporates from oceans → rises and cools → condenses into clouds → falls as rain → flows back to oceans

Key Temperatures

Water freezes at 0°C | Water boils at 100°C

Video: Khan Academy (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)