Buying Multiple Items
Use multiplication to calculate the cost of buying several items.
🎯 What You'll Learn
You will use multiplication to quickly calculate the cost of buying several of the same item at the market.
🏪 Market Story
Bola's mother needs to buy 4 exercise books for her children. Each exercise book costs ₦50. Instead of adding ₦50 + ₦50 + ₦50 + ₦50, she multiplies: 4 × ₦50 = ₦200. Quick and easy!
📝 Let's Learn
When you buy multiple items at the same price: Total cost = Number of items × Price per item
Example 1: 3 bags of pure water at ₦20 each. Total: 3 × ₦20 = ₦60.
Example 2: 5 pencils at ₦10 each. Total: 5 × ₦10 = ₦50.
Example 3: 4 bottles of drink at ₦50 each. Total: 4 × ₦50 = ₦200. (Think: 4 × 5 = 20, then add the zero: 200.)
Tip for multiplying by tens: Multiply the non-zero digits first, then add the zero back. 4 × ₦50: 4 × 5 = 20, add the zero = ₦200.
✏️ Practice Questions
- Emeka buys 6 bananas at ₦10 each. What is the total cost?
- Amina buys 3 notebooks at ₦40 each. How much does she spend?
- Tunde buys 8 sweets at ₦5 each. What is the total?
Click to see answers
- 6 × ₦10 = ₦60.
- 3 × ₦40 = ₦120. (3 × 4 = 12, add zero = 120.)
- 8 × ₦5 = ₦40.
💡 Remember
Total cost = quantity × price. This is the most common use of multiplication in everyday life. Market traders use this formula hundreds of times a day!